This manufacturer's stamp is from Adresa, S.A., located in Vizcaya, Spain. Ardesa manufactures top quality reproductions of famous flintlock and percussion rifles and pistols, 209 primed in-line ignition rifles, and a full line of accessories, that are imported by Traditions Performance Firearms. In the United States, Ardesa guns are distributed under the name of TRADITIONS. In the history of Spanish made replicas, Jukar was a Spanish Arsenal that made arms under contract to other companies. They made some early replica muzzleloaders and eventually were under contract to build guns for CVA. Jukar was eventually absorbed into Dikar, who now owns CVA. The muzzleloaders of CVA and Traditions are manufactured in Spain in the same region: Vasque Country. CVA is manufactured by Dikar and Traditions by Ardesa. Dikar is in Bergara and Ardesa in Zamudio (Bilbao). They are towns that are less than 70 milles away. The quality of the muzzleloaders was improved in Ardesa (Traditions), but with respect to those of Dikar (CVA), not so much. In general Ardesa's rifles and pistols (Traditions) have a very good price-quality ratio.